Developing an Analytical Framework for the Reinterpretation of Religious Values Based on Islamic Theology and Human Rights

Abstract

This article critically analyzes the dynamics of the reinterpretation of religious values in Islam in the face of the universal Human Rights paradigm. The tension between the normativity of sacred texts and the demands of modernity underscores the need to deconstruct classical theological thought. This study aims to examine how fundamental values such as Tawhid, Justice, and Rahmatan lil ‘alamin are reinterpreted within an inclusive humanistic framework. This study employs a literature review (library research) using hermeneutics, phenomenology, and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). These approaches are utilized to understand the construction of meaning in religious texts as well as the surrounding social reality. The “Transformative Harmonization” framework was developed through a systematic synthesis of Islamic theological principles and contemporary human rights discourses, drawing on interpretive findings generated from hermeneutic, phenomenological, and CDA analyses. Its conceptual validity was established through triangulation across classical Islamic sources, contemporary scholarly literature, and critical examinations of socio-religious practices.The findings indicate that reinterpretation is a historical necessity to maintain Islam’s relevance amid social change and the crisis of religious authority. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of a Theoanthropological approach that connects the transcendental dimension with human reality through the concept of “Transformative Harmonization” between Islamic law and human rights. This study concludes that theological validity in the modern era is measured not only by ritual compliance but also by an ethical commitment to justice and the protection of the oppressed (mustad’afin).