The Concept of Gender Equality in Muslim Families: A Comparative Study of the Dynamics of Husband–Wife Roles in Sierra Leone and Afghanistan through a Socio-Legal Approach

Abstract

The study explores the concept of gender equality within families in Muslim-majority countries, specifically comparing Sierra Leone and Afghanistan. Despite the teachings of Islam advocating for equality between genders, significant disparities persist in both nations. The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing interviews and focus group discussions to gather insights from various stakeholders, including family members and gender activists. Findings revealed that in Sierra Leone, only about 52% of women are enrolled in secondary education and the maternal mortality rate remains among the highest globally, at approximately 717 deaths per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2021), while in Afghanistan, since the Taliban's takeover in 2021, more than 80% of school-age girls have been denied access to formal education and women’s participation in the workforce has dropped below 10% (UN Women, 2022). The analysis highlights that cultural interpretations of Islamic teachings often hinder the realization of gender equality, suggesting a need for a more nuanced understanding of these teachings to promote equitable practices. This research contributes to the discourse on gender issues in Muslim societies by providing comparative insights into the barriers faced in Sierra Leone and Afghanistan.