Dhu al-Nun al-Misri’s Contribution to the Development of Sunni Sufism
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Abstract
This article examines the contribution of Dhu al-Nun al-Misri to the development of Sunni Sufism as one of the essential foundations of Islamic spirituality. Dhu al-Nun al-Misri is recognized as a prominent 9th-century Sufi figure whose profound thought focused on the relationship between humans and God through authentic inner experience. This study aims to identify the principles of Sunni Sufism taught by Dhu al-Nun al-Misri and to analyze their influence on the development of spirituality within Muslim societies, both in classical and contemporary contexts. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature study method, drawing on various primary and secondary sources relevant to Sufism. Data collection was conducted through document analysis, while data analysis utilized a hermeneutic approach to understand the meaning and context of the teachings developed. The analytical scope focuses on key concepts in Dhu al-Nun al-Misri’s thought, including ma‘rifah (gnosis), mahabbah (divine love), sincerity, gratitude, and the relationship between spirituality and Islamic law (sharia), as well as their influence on later Sunni Sufi traditions.The findings reveal that the teachings of Dhu al-Nun al-Misri emphasize the importance of direct spiritual experience, sincerity, and the internalization of divine love and gratitude as the core of Sufi practice. His teachings also successfully integrate the dimensions of Islamic law (sharia) and spirituality in a harmonious manner. These findings indicate that the influence of Dhu al-Nun al-Misri’s thought remains relevant today and continues to be adopted in various Sufi traditions. In conclusion, Dhu al-Nun al-Misri played a significant role in shaping the character of Sunni Sufism, which is oriented toward spiritual depth and balance with Islamic law.
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