Systematic Literature Review: A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Herbal Medicines in Blood Sugar Regulation for Type 2 Diabetes
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is a chronic disease caused by insulin resistance and disorders in blood glucose regulation. Herbal therapy is increasingly in demand because of its potential to lower blood glucose levels through various mechanisms. This study reviewed the effectiveness of herbal plants in controlling blood glucose levels based on experimental and quasi-experimental studies. The method used was a systematic review of scientific articles in the last five years obtained from ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Of the 9,379 articles selected, only 10 met the inclusion criteria. The results of the analysis showed that several plants, such as purple sweet potato, black garlic, bay leaves, mangosteen peel, cinnamon, binahong leaves, brown rice, red betel leaves, and star fruit leaves, had a significant effect in lowering blood glucose levels. The main mechanisms that play a role include increased insulin sensitivity, inhibition of the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, antioxidant effects, and reduced glucose absorption in the intestine. The findings highlight the potential of these herbs as a complementary approach in managing blood glucose levels in DMT2 patients. Further research with more rigorous clinical trials is needed to determine the optimal dosage, side effects, and interactions with pharmacological drugs. These studies could provide deeper insights into the clinical applicability and safety of herbal treatments for diabetes. These findings support the potential use of herbs as a natural strategy in diabetes control.
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